'Projection mapping, also known as video mapping and spatial augmented reality, is a projection technology used to turn objects, often irregularly shaped, into a display surface for video projection. These objects may be complex industrial landscapes, such as buildings, small indoor objects or theatrical stages.' http://projection-mapping.org/whatis/
As well as the Projection Mapping page on the Interactive/ Reactive/ Pervasive Media section, here's a few more examples, links and tutorials
"At the forefront of this new artform are Creators AntiVJ, a French team that has used the format to explore art and live music in mind-bending new ways. Having operated with something of a Midas touch since they took control of projection mapping a few years back, they were the natural choice for the above documentary by Belgian filmmaker Dane Luttik, Augmented Reality, which explains its implementation and gives us a snapshot of how far it has come thus far." Creators- VICE